w.th regards to Calcium which statement is incorrect?
1. the normal correct range is 2.1-2.5
2.the ionized correct range is 1.14-1.3
3. to correct for the low albumin add 0.1 to the total calcium for every 4 the albumin is below 36
4.calcium chloride has less elememtal calcium than calcium gluconate
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 13:00:26
What is not a cause of hypercalcemia?
1. post prandial measurement
2.tuberculosis
3. lung Ca
4.hypomagnasemia
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 13:01:30
Which blood type can be given to a patient who is blood group O?
1. A
2.B
3.AB
4.O
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 12:28:08
Which condition can be fully compensated for with regards to pH?
1. respiratory acidosis
2.respiratory alkalosis
3.metabolic acidosis
4.metabolic alkalosis
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 13:13:12
Which is NOT a cause of normal anion gap metabolic acidosis?
1.acetzolamide
2. pancreatic fistula
3.diarrohea
4.high dose corticosteroids
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 12:37:28
Which neoplasm is not characteristically associated with SIADH?
1.mesothelioma
2.bronchogenic carcinoma
3.breast
4.prostate
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 12:57:08
A rise in the pH by 0.1 causes what decrease in serum K+?
1.0.1 mEq/L
2.0.25 mEq/L
3.0.5mEq/L
4.0.7mEq/L
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 12:48:53
The normal anion gap is
1. <7
2.<12
3.<18
4.<22
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 12:38:44
To diagnose SIADH as the cause of hyponatremia which must not be present?
1.hypovolemia
2.hypotonicity
3.no cardiac/renal/ hepatic failure
4.urine osmolality >100ml/kg
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 12:54:07
What does not cause impaired accuracy of the pulse oximiter?
1.ambient light
2.carboxyhaemoglobin
3.methaemoglobin
4.xray beams
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 12:27:22
What is seen earliest in an ECG of hyperkalemia?
1.Sine wave
2.Peak T wave
3.Flattened p wave
4.QRS widening
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 12:51:04
Which agent below does no cause an increased anion gap metabolic acidosis?
1.acetzolamide
2.paraldehyde
3.iron
4.aspirin
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 13:12:16
Which contains the largest amount of K+?
1.two Slow K tablets
2.2 chlorvescent tablets
3.15ml of Kayciel
4. one gram iintravenous KCL
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 12:47:26
which does not cause a high osmolar gap, increased anion gap metabolic acidosis?
1.methanol
2.ethanol
3.ethylene glycol
4.chloral hydrate
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 13:11:33
Which does not cause a metabolic alkalosis?
1. vomiting
2.diarrohea
3. loop diuretics
4.thiazide diuretics
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 13:14:09
Which does not shift K+ into cells?
1.dextrose
2.NaHCO3
3.Salbutamol
4. resonium
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 12:49:42
Which drug is not well known to cause hyponatremia?
1. sertraline
2.amitryptilline
3.ecstasy
4.roxithromycin
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 12:57:55
Which equation is incorrect?
1.anion gap =(Na+ + K+) - (Cl- + HCO3-)
2.calculated serum osmolality = 2(Na + urea +glucose)
3.paO2 = pIO2 – paCO2/0.8
4. the expected CO2 in metabolic acidosis = 1.5 × HCO3- + 8
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 13:08:15
Which is incorrect with regards to hypocalcemia?
1. it causes QT prolongation
2. i.v administation of calcium requires cardiac monitoring
3.it is seen in pancreatitis
4.hyperventilation produces tetany by causes a fall in the total body calcium
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 13:03:45
Which is incorrect with regards to the fluid and its content?
1.Normal Saline – 150mmol Na+/L
2.Hartmans – 131mmol Na+/L
3.Hartmans –131mmolCl-/L
4.D5W- 50gm glucose/L
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 12:39:53
Which is not a cause of hypokalemia?
1.insulin administration
2.adrenaline infusion
3.alkalosis
4.digoxin OD
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 12:43:59
Which is not a possibility in the ECG of a pt with hypokalemia?
1.prolong PR interval
2.prominent U waves
3.T wave flattening
4.. Prolonged QT interval
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 12:40:56
Which is not a potential complication of a massive blood transfusion?
1.hyperkalemia
2.hypercalcemia
3.hypothermia
4.coagulopathy
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 12:34:22
Which is not true of hypomagnasemia?
1. it increases SA node automaticity
2.it causes pre eclampsia
3.it prolongs the QT increasing the risk of Toursades
4.it is associated with a 2-3 times increased risk of AF and SVT post AMI
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 13:05:17
Which is not true with regards to hypermagnesemia?
1. it is nearly always seen in renal failure
2.it causes nausea, vomiting, loss of deep tendon reflexes, drowsiness and hypotension
3.it causes hypocalcemia
4.it causes widening of the QRS
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 13:07:02
Which is the first choice agent to give to a patient with Haemophilia A who has moderate factor deficiencyand a retroperitoneal bleed?
1.cryoprecipitate
2.FFP
3.Factor VIII concentrate
4. Factor IX concentrate
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 12:35:35
Which of the drugs below are not associated with hypokalemia?
1.loop diuretics
2.corticosteroids
3.gentamicin
4.amiloride
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 12:45:00
which of the following is not a symptom of hypokalemia?
1.constipation
2.muscle weakness
3.paralysis
4.seizures
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 12:45:56
Which statement is incorrect with regards to blood products?
1. a bag of FFP contains 180 ml
2. FFP must be ABO compatible
3.Platelets must be ABO compatible
4. A bag of packed cells is 300 ml
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 12:31:00
which statement is incorrect?
1.hyperlipidaemia can cause an artificially low Na+
2. if the hyponatremia is known to be of less than 48 hours duration it can be corrected quickly
3. in chronic hyponatremia, the Na+ should not be raised by more than 0.5mmol/l/hr
4.central pontine myelinolysis is caused when hypernatremia is corrected to quickly
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 12:56:16
Which statement is incorrect?
1.the normal Aa gradient is <age/4
2. in respiratory alkalosis, for every drop of 10mmHg of pCO2, the HCO3- drops 1 mmol/L acutely
3. in chronic respiratory alkalosis, for every drop of 10mmHg of pCO2, the HCO3- drops 2mmol/L
4.in chronic respiratory acidosis, for every 10mmHg rise in pCO2 ,the HCO3 rises 2mmol/L
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 13:09:46
Which would you give to reverse streptokinase?
1.cryoprecipitate
2.platelets
3.factor VIII concentrate
4.DDAVP
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 12:36:32
With regards to hypernatremia which is incorrect?
1.it should not be corrected greater than 0.5mmol/L/hr
2. is usually associated with inadequate water intake
3.Normal Saline should not be used if the pt is hypovolemic and hypotensive
4. If associated with hypervolemia then frusemide should be used
Posted Date:-2022-07-24 12:59:12