Sales & Distribution Module
1) Sales Document: Item Data – VBAP
2) Sales Document: Partner – VBPA
3) Sales Document: Header Data – VBAK
4) Sales Document Flow – VBFA
5) Sales Document: Delivery Item Data - LIPS
6) Customer Master – KNA1
7) Material Data – MARA
8) Conditions (Transaction Data) - KONV
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 10:14:23
There are two types of function modules used in F4 help:
F4IF_FIELD_VALUE_REQUEST
F4IF_INT_TABLE_VALUE_REQUEST
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 10:13:31
Steps for writing BDC
1) /nSE38
2) Declare Tables, Data (for ITAB) and Data (for BDCITAB)
3) Call function ‘Upload’.
4) Write code for the First Screen, Radio Button, Filename, Change Button, Second Screen, Utilities (Create Entries), Third Screen and Save.
5) Call transaction ‘SE11’ using BDCITAB mode ‘A’.
6) Save, Check Errors, Activate and Execute.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:59:18
Suppressing of entire screens is possible with this command. This command allows us to perform screen processing “in the backgroundâ€. Suppressing screens is useful when we are branching to list-mode from a transaction dialog step.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:58:53
No, records will be displayed.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:58:25
Call Screen: Calling a single screen is a special case of embedding a screen sequence. If you want to prevent the called screen from covering the current screen completely, you can use the CALL SCREEN statement with the STARTING AT and ENDING AT
CALL SCREEN 1000.
CALL SCREEN 1000 STARTING AT 10 10 ENDING AT 20 20.
LEAVE SCREEN: statement ends the current screen and calls the subsequent screen.
LEAVE SCREEN.
LEAVE TO SCREEN 2000.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:58:07
You can use version management to manage older version of an object, compare versions or you can also reset them. In version management, you can store different versions of ABAP development objects.
In an ABAP workbench, you can compare different versions of −
<> Views
<> Windows
<> Controllers
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:53:18
In a Web Dynpro application, url is automatically generate. You can find the URL of application in Properties tab. URL structure can be of two types −
SAP namespace
<schema>://<host>.<domain>.<extension>:<port>/sap/bc/webdynpro/<namespace>/<application name>
Custom namespace
<schema>://<host>.<domain>.<extension>:<port>/abc/klm/xyz/<namespace>/webdynpro/<application name>
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:52:01
You can create events to enable communication between controllers. You can allow one controller to trigger events in different controller. All events that you create in component controller they are available in component.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:50:19
In Web Dynpro, window is used to use multiple views or view sets. A view can only be displayed when it is embed in a view and a window always contain one or more views which are connected by navigation links.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:49:52
The inbound and outbound plugs are part of view controller and inbound plug defines the starting point of view and outbound plug tells the subsequent view to be called.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:49:21
Each Web Dynpro application contains at least one view and it is used to define layout of a user interface. Each view consists of multiple user element and a controller and context.
The controller is used to process user request and processing of data and context contains data to which elements of view are bound.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:48:43
Pooled tables and clusters tables are special table types in the ABAP Dictionary. We can store the data from several different tables into a table pool or table cluster. Tables assigned to a table pool or table cluster denoted as pooled tables or cluster tables.
We should use a table pool, especially for storing internal control information. The control information can be screen sequences, program parameters, temporary data, and continuous texts such as documentation.
Commercial relevance data is stored in transparent tables.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:47:38
a) Semantic Integrity
b) Relational Integrity
c) Primary Key Integrity
d) Value Set Integrity
e) Foreign Key Integrity
f) Operational Integrity
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:46:58
The different types of parameters are
a) Formal Parameters: It is defined during the definition of subroutine with the ‘FORM’ statement
b) Actual Parameters: It is specified during the call of a subroutine with the ‘PERFORM’ statement
You can distinguish different kind of parameters by their functionality. Input parameters are used to pass data to subroutines, while output parameters are used to pass data from subroutines.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:42:02
By using modularization techniques, you can avoid redundancy if the program contains the same or similar blocks of statements or it is required to process the same function several times. By modularizing the ABAP/4 programs, we make them easy to read and improve their structure. Modularized programs are also easier to maintain and update.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:41:40
‘Database Index’ contains fields from one table while ‘Match Code’ contain fields from several tables. Match code objects can be built on cluster tables, transparent tables and pooled tables.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:41:16
To fetch the data from the table by the specified field Group by Clause is used.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:39:11
With SAP GUI open, you will be able find Data Dictionary in the SAP menu tree. This is done via the Tools menu. Open the ABAP Workbench and click the 'Development' folder, where the ABAP Dictionary can be found and double clicked. Alternatively, use the transaction code SE11.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:13:50
<> TABLES
<> VIEWS
<> DATA
<> TYPES DOMAINS
<> TYPE GROUPS
<> SEARCH HELPS
<> LOCK OBJECTS
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:13:12
LEAVE PROGRAM
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:12:04
The use of graphical tools significantly reduces the implementation effort.
Reuse and better maintainability by using components.
The layout and navigation is easily changed using the Web Dynpro tools.
User interface accessibility is supported.
Full integration in the ABAP development environment.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:11:33
Web Dynpro (WD) for ABAP is the SAP standard user interface technology developed by SAP AG. It can be used in the development of web-based applications in the SAP ABAP environment that utilizes SAP development tools and concepts. It provides a front-end web user interface to connect directly to backend SAP R/3 systems to access data and functions for reporting.
Web Dynpro for ABAP consists of a run-time environment and a graphical development environment with specific development tools that are integrated in the ABAP Workbench (transaction: SE80).
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:08:53
SAP memory is a global memory whereas ABAP memory is local memory.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:08:17
The Change and Transport System (CTS) is a tool that helps you to organize development projects in ABAP Workbench and in Customizing, and then transport the changes between SAP Systems and clients in your system landscape.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:07:53
Match code objects can be built on cluster tables, transparent tables and pooled tables however a Database Index contains fields only from one table.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:07:12
SAP Smart Forms tool can be used to print and send documents. This tool is useful in developing forms, PDF files, e-mails and documents for the Internet. The tool provides an interface to build and maintain the layout and logic of a form. SAP also delivers a selection of forms for business processes such as those used in Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Sales and Distribution (SD), Financial Accounting (FI) and Human Resources (HR).
The tool allows you to modify forms by using simple graphical tools instead of using any programming tool. It means that a user with no programming knowledge can configure these forms with data for a business process effortlessly.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:06:41
The data of several cluster tables is stored together in a single table cluster in the database. A cluster table is thus known only in the ABAP Dictionary, not in the database.
The data of several pooled tables are stored together as a table pool in the database.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:05:44
ABAP data dictionary defines logical structures of the objects in application development and also tells mapping to the underlying relational database in tables/views.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:03:18
<> BDC_OPEN_GROUP
<> BDC_INSERT
<> BDC_CLOSE_GROUP
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:02:49
You can define table as dynamic and template as static.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:01:12
A subroutine is a reusable section of code. It is a modularization unit within the program where a function is encapsulated in the form of source code. You page out a part of a program to a subroutine to get a better overview of the main program, and to use the corresponding sequence of statements many times.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:00:37
In SAP ABAP environment, modularization involves the organization of programs into modular units, also known as logical blocks. It reduces redundancy and increases program readability even as you are creating it and subsequently during the maintenance cycle. Modularization also enables reusability of the same code again.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 09:00:14
Following are the two main functions accomplished with the lock mechanism −
A program can communicate with other programs about data records that it is just reading or changing.
A program can prevent itself from reading data that has just been changed by another program.
A lock request is first generated by the program. Then this request goes to the Enqueue server and the lock is created in the lock table. The Enqueue server sets the lock and the program is finally ready to access data.
Go to transaction SE11 to create lock objects.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 08:59:54
Lock Object is a feature offered by ABAP Dictionary that is used to synchronize access to the same data by more than one program. Data records are accessed with the help of specific programs. Lock objects are used in SAP to avoid the inconsistency when data is inserted into or changed in the database. Tables whose data records are to be locked must be defined in a Lock Object, along with their key fields.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 08:59:33
TYPES is used to pass user defined structure in an ABAP program.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 08:59:11
8KB memory is allocated to internal table and work areas and it increases dynamically.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 08:58:51
This is the most asked SAP ABAP Interview Questions in an interview. SE38 and SE40 are the two editors which are available for ABAP editor in place as well. The programs and view online reports can be created with the help of the SE38 editor, which means it will help in doing all the development of objects in the editor. The other advantage of using the SE38 editor is that it has additional features like creating packages, function group, classes, programs, module pool, and other applications.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 08:58:15
Web Dynpro is SAP ABAP is referred to as the standard SAP user interface technology which the SAP AG developed. It consists of the runtime environment and graphical development environment with specific tools integrated with ABAP. This can be used in developing the web-based applications for SAPA ABAP to use the techniques and concepts of SAP. It gives the front-end web user interface to connect directly to SAP back-end systems to access the data reporting functions.
The benefits of using WD (Web Dynpro) is that usage of graphics tools reduces the implementation effort. It helps in reusing the same components again and easy to maintain. It helps in changing the layouts and navigation easily. It provides full integration with the ABAP environment and access to the user interface as well.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 08:56:30
Smart forms are the tool used in SAP to print and send documents. It is instrumental in developing the forms, pdf files, documents and emails for the internet. SAP mainly delivers the forms for business purposes which are mainly used in management portfolios like in CRM (Customer relationship management), SD (Sales and Distribution), HR (Human Resources) and FI, that is, Financial Accounting. This tool provides the interface to develop and maintain the logic of the different forms. It also allows you to change or update the existing forms with the help of a simple graphics tool rather than using the programming tool. The user who does not know the programming language can work on these forms and configure the data as per the usage.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 08:56:03
Smart forms allow you to create forms using a graphical design tool.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 08:55:23
In ABAP, the organization of programs into modular units using modularization called logical blocks. It helps increase the program readability and redundancy in creating it and during the maintenance cycle. It also helps in reusing the code again.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 08:54:56
The difference between structure and table is
a) Data can be stored physically in Table, but a structure cannot
b) Structure does not have primary key but table can have
c) Table can have the technical attribute but the structure does not have
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 08:54:25
To ensure the consistency of data, foreign keys are used. The relationship established between the tables and must be explicitly defined at field level. Data entered should be checked against the existing data to ensure that there is no contradiction. Cardinality has to be specified while defining foreign key relationship.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 08:54:01
There are 3 functional modules which are used in sequence to perform data transfer successfully using BDC programming. They are
a) BDC_OPEN_GROUP
b) BDC_INSERT
c) BDC_CLOSE_GROUP
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 08:53:39
Internal table exists only when the program is run. It is used for performing table calculations on subset of database tables and also for re-organizing the content of database tables as per the users need.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 08:53:14
The data classes are classified into following classes
Master Data: The data in this class seldom change
Transaction Data: The data can be changed often in this class
Organization Data: This data is a customized data and is entered in the system when the system is configured. It is rarely changed.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 08:52:53
There are 3 functional modules used in a sequence for successfully performing the transfer of data in BDC(Batch Data Communication) programming. They are:
<> BDC_OPEN_GROUP : Parameters such as client name, user name, sessions, etc., will be specified in this functional module.
<> BDC_INSERT : It is used for inserting the data for a single transaction into a session.
<> BDC_CLOSE_GROUP : It is used for closing the batch input session.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 08:50:44
Enhancement framework in SAP ABAP is the new modification-free enhancement concept that allows you for adding functionalities to standard SAP software without modification of original repository objects. It also helps the consultants, customers, and third parties by providing an option of enhancing the standard code with custom code that they wish to add.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 08:50:05
IDoc(Intermediate Document) is an SAP object that carries business transaction data in the form of electronic messages from one system to another. The IDoc helps for transferring data/information from the SAP system to other systems and vice versa. The data transfer between two SAP systems is accomplished by using ALE(Application Link Enabling) and data transfer from SAP system to non-SAP system is accomplished using EDI(Electronic Data Interchange) subsystems.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 08:49:50
Multiple inheritances mean where multiple classes can be a superclass of a single class. ABAP objects don’t support multiple inheritances as we can’t inherit a class from more than one class. It allows defining a class inheriting from only a single class in ABAP objects. If you are trying to define multiple superclasses during class definition, an error message will be prompted by the compiler. But still, you can accomplish a similar functionality like multiple inheritances by using Interfaces in SAP ABAP.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 08:49:31
OSS(Online Service System) notes are a part of an online SAP service portal that gives up-to-date information about SAP notes. It is the Knowledge Base of SAP that will address the known issues specifically in the SAP system. It frequently releases patches, new program developments, bug fixes, and other various updates by SAP. This will provide a list of correction notes for SAP objects.
OSS Notes will be continuously updated as customers report issues in the SAP system and SAP will release a note that includes detailed instructions about fixing or addressing the issue. Most of the issues get addressed or fixed when the next version of the same component gets released by SAP and hence it is very important to see note applicability related to the version where an issue is being addressed. Each note will be applied to a version and almost all its predecessor versions. Before you start with your work, it is necessary to check for the presence of a particular in your SAP system.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 08:47:01
Transport Requests(TRs) are a ‘Container or Collection’ type of change that can be done in the development system. Also, the information related to the requested category, type of change, the target system, and the purpose of transport will be recorded. Transport requests are also called Change Requests.
Every transport request will have multiple(one or more) change jobs(change Tasks). Tasks will be stored inside a TR, in the same way as multiple files will be stored in some folder. TR will be released only once after the completion/release/deletion of all the tasks inside a TR.
Change Task is an object list that has gone through a modification by a specific user. Each task must be assigned to(and released by) a single user only. Anyways, multiple users will be assigned with each Transport Request. Tasks cannot be transportable by themselves, it can be done only as a part of TR.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 08:46:37
Modularization is breaking the application code into smaller parts, so that maintenance will be easier. Consider an example where you want to implement the same logic like the addition of two numbers in multiple parts of the same program, then put the logic within a modularization unit and this modularization unit can be called wherever you want to add two numbers.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 08:46:05
Internal tables are temporary memory areas that exist only during run-time for storing data at run-time. It can be used only on a subset of database tables for performing calculations related to the table. It re-organizes the content of the database according to the requirement of the user.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 08:45:45
Three types of buffering can be found in SAP ABAP, that can be configured for a database view or database table in ABAP Dictionary. They are:
<> SAP Buffer - Single Record Buffering:
In this type of buffering, only actually accessed rows in the table will be buffered. It needs less space in the buffer when compared to generic or full buffering. But it requires more amount of administration work and direct database access. If SELECT SINGLE is used for accessing a non-buffered row, it tries to load the row. If the row is not available, this will be noted in the buffer and the database will not again access the next time SELECT SINGLE has been used.
<> SAP Buffer - Generic Buffering:
In this type of buffering, SAP buffer will be loaded with all rows that match a row(on which read is performed) in a left-justified part of the primary key. The count of key fields covered is mentioned within the definition and will be always less than the key field’s total count. Altogether, these key fields are considered as the generic key. Each generic area will be managed similarly as standalone views or tables whose primary key will be the generic key and that are fully buffered.
<> SAP Buffer - Full Buffering:
In this buffering, on reading a row, all rows in the view or table will be loaded into the SAP buffer. The buffered view or table will be either completely in the buffer or not at all. In the buffer, the buffered data records will be sorted on the Key of the view or table basis. Optimized access needs the left-justified part of the primary key/the secondary index fields to be as large as possible. If not, the buffer will be scanned in a linear format
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 08:42:13
SAP script is a text-processing system that belongs to the SAP System. It is used for printing pre-formatted text in the corresponding forms.
SAP Script has the following components:
<> Editor: It will be used to enter and edit the lines of a text.
<> Styles and layout set: It is mainly used for print layout. I will be created using the corresponding maintenance transactions independent of the individual texts and will be allocated to the texts later.
<> Composer: It is a central output module and is invisible to the outside.
<> Programming interface: It permits you for adding SAP script components into your application programs and for controlling the layout set output from within the programs.
<> Database tables: It will be used for styles, layout sets, and storing texts.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 08:41:11
With the help of the INSERT statement, it is possible to insert a line or lines into internal tables of ABAP. For inserting a line, you need to put the values which we wish to insert in a work area, then later you can use the INSERT statement for inserting the values in the work area then into the internal table.
The general format for a line insertion into an internal table is:
INSERT <work area> INTO TABLE <internal table>.
OR
INSERT <work area> INTO <internal table> INDEX <index>.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 07:50:07
A type group is an ABAP Dictionary-managed ABAP program that is initiated by the TYPE-POOL statement and that consists of ABAP statements that define globally visible constants, data types, and macros. A type group and its constants, data types, and macros do not have semantic attributes excluding short text and any comments in the source code. The type group name can have only five characters, must begin with a letter, and can have numbers or letters or underscores.
For example, one type group frequently used in the ABAP program is ABAP itself, which consists of multiple low-level constants and types. The disadvantage of this group is loading the entire type group is necessary, even if only a few constants and types are required.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 07:49:26
In the SAP system, workflows in business are used for executing business processes in applications. Workflows are the SAP system’s essential component that helps in business process design, it can be either a simple process or a complex repeated business process. These are predefined in the SAP R/3 system and the user is allowed to create their new workflows. It also permits the users for managing business processes in the most efficient manner.
Workflows will make sure that the correct information will be sent to the right person at the right time in a proper sequence. It is a tool for business process automation and will uniformly work across all the applications. It is suitable for business processes that involve multiple people or a group of people.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 07:49:04
Lock Object is an ABAP Dictionary provided feature used for synchronizing the access to the same data by multiple users or programs. Lock Objects in SAP ABAP are used for avoiding inconsistency during data insertion or modification in the database. Tables whose data records are gonna locked must be defined with their key fields in a Lock Object.
Consider an example for the usage of Lock Object, suppose a travel agent wants to book a place in flight. Also, the customer wishes to fly to a particular city on a particular day with a particular airline. The booking will be possible only if there exists a free place on the flight. The database entry for the flight must be locked through access prevention for other transactions to avoid the possibility of overbooking. This will make sure that a user can find out the number of free places, do the booking, and change the available number of free places without the data being changed at the same time by another transaction.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 07:48:34
ITS(Internet Transaction Server) in SAP is the necessary link between the internet and the SAP R/3 system. It is integrated into the kernel that belongs to SAP Netweaver Application Server. ITS creates an interface between the R/3 system and HTTP server for converting screen-provided data by the R/3 system into HTML files and vice versa. Because of integration with ITS, a web browser is able to do direct communication with an SAP System. ITS is accessed with the help of “Internet Communication Managerâ€.
Merits of ITS are:
<> It is possible to develop and test the comprehensive web transaction in the R/3 system.
<> It acts upon all transaction components, including those components used outside of ITS.
<> In the R/3 system, using automatic language processing utilization of language-dependent HTML documents can be done during runtime.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 07:46:56
The two ABAP/4 editors are:
<> SE38: It allows you for the program creation and to view the online reports and essentially performs all the object development in ABAP/4 editor.
<> SE80: It supports additional features like the creation of packages, module pool, function group, programs, classes, and BSP(Business Server Page) applications.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 07:46:41
SAP Smart Forms is a tool used for printing and sending documents. It is useful in the development of forms, e-mails, PDF files, and documents for the Internet. This tool offers an interface for building and maintaining the layout and logic of a form. SAP delivers a form selection for business processes such as those used in Sales and Distribution(SD), Customer Relationship Management(CRM), Human Resources(HR), and Financial Accounting(FI).
This tool permits you for form modification with the help of simple graphical tools rather than using any programming tool. It implies that a user without any programming knowledge will be able to easily configure these smart forms with data for a business process.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 07:46:05
Web Dynpro(WD) is an SAP standard user interface technology for ABAP and is used for developing the web-based application in SAP using the development concepts and techniques of SAP. It provides a front-end web user interface for connection with backend SAP R/3 systems to access data and also for reporting. It has a graphical development environment along with a runtime environment that has specific development tools that are combined in the ABAP Workbench.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 07:45:40
<> ABAP data dictionary represents metadata(i.e. data about data) that is present inside the SAP database in addition to the metadata maintained by the database. Data dictionary allows the necessary description of all the data without redundancies that are used in the system. New or updated information will be provided automatically for all the system components. This ensures data security, data consistency, and data integrity.
<> It is used to describe the logical structures of certain objects that can be used in the development of the ABAP/4 application and it can also display the underlying relational database in tables.
<> The data dictionary is useful in creating and managing data definitions as well as in creating Tables, Domains, Views, Data Elements, and Types. Also, it supports a few standard functions for editing screen fields like assigning input help to the field of a screen.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 07:45:17
SAP(Systems, Applications, and Products in data processing) is an ERP(Enterprise Resource Planning) type of software that is used to manage the daily affairs of a large company. Advanced Business Application Programming or ABAP is the fourth-generation programming language and is used to allow the mass-processing of data in SAP business applications. It is possible to build enterprise applications for a larger business and financial institution with the help of the SAP ABAP platform. So, SAP ABAP will protect from organizational data breaches and security threats to information leakage.
SAP ABAP is suitable for integrated applications that a company will use to collect, manage, store, and interpret data from various functional areas. It will act as a single data source and share data within all the units of an organization. It helps the customers for running their business with greater accuracy.
Posted Date:- 2022-02-15 07:34:50