Nobel Prizes and Laureates 1993
1. Nobel Laureates - Russell A. Hulse and Joseph H. Taylor Jr.
Field - Physics
Contribution - Discovery of a new type of pulsar, a discovery that has opened up new possibilities for the study of gravitation.
2. Nobel Laureates - Kary B. Mullis
Field - Chemistry
Contribution - For his invention of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method.
3. Nobel Laureates - Michael Smith
Field - Chemistry
Contribution - Contributions to the establishment of oligonucleotide-based,
site-directed mutagenesis and its development for protein studies.
4. Nobel Laureates - Richard J. Roberts and Phillip A. Sharp
Field - Physiology or Medicine
Contribution - Discoveries of split genes
5. Nobel Laureates - Toni Morrison
Field - Literature
Contribution - Who in novels characterized by visionary force and poetic import, gives life to an essential aspect of American reality.
6. Nobel Laureates - Nelson Mandela and Frederik Willem de Klerk
Field - Peace
Contribution - Work for the peaceful termination of the apartheid regime, and for laying the foundations for a new democratic South Africa
7. The Sveriges Riksbank Prize - Robert W. Fogel and Douglass C. North
Field - Economic Sciences
Contribution - for having renewed research in economic history by applying economic theory
and quantitative methods in order to explain economic and institutional change.