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Biology MCQS[NEET-2021 to 2022]-Ecology-II
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1. Carbon dioxide is called green-house gas because it is
Transparent to sunlight but traps heat
Transparent to heat but traps sunlight
Used in green-house to increase plant growth
Transparent to both sunlight and heat
2. Trichoderma harzianum has proved a useful microorganism for:
Reclamation of wastelands
Bioremediation of contaminated soils
Biological control of soil-borne plant pathogens
Gene transfer in higher plants
3. The slow rate of decomposition of fallen logs in nature is due to their:
Poor nitrogen content
Low moisture content
Anaerobic environment around them
Low cellulose content
4. Which one of the following is not a bioindicator of water pollution
Blood-worms
Sludge-worms
Sewage fungus
Stone flies
5. Which one of the following is the correct percentage of the two (out of the total of 4) green house gases that contribute to the total global warming?
CO2 40%,CFCs 30%
CFCs 14%, Methane 20%
Methane 20%, N2O 18%
N2O 6%, CO2 86%
6. Which one of the following is not a functional unit of an ecosystem?
Productivity
Stratification
Energy flow
Decomposition
7. The upright pyramid of number is absent in
Graasland
Pond
Lake
Forest
8. Which one of the following is not a gaseous biogeochemical cycle in ecosystem?
Nitrogen cycle
Carbon cycle
Sulphur cycle
Phosphorus cycle
9. Identify the possible link "A" in the following food chain: Plant → insect → frog → "A" → Eagle
Parrot
Rabbit
Cobra
Wolf
10. The type of ecosystem with the highest mean plant productivity is
Tropical rain forest
Temperate grassland
Desert
Tundra
11. In an aquatic ecosystem, the trophic level equivalent to cows in grasslands is
Zooplankton
Phytoplankton
Benthos
Nekton
12. The final stable community in ecological succession is
Climax
Sere
Pioneers
Carnivores
13. An ecosystem which can be easily damaged but can recover after some time if damaging effect stops will be having
High stability and high resilience
Low stability and low resilience
High stability and low resilience
Low stability and high resilience
14. Trophic levels in ecosystem is formed by :
only herbivores
Only bacteria
only plants
Organisms linked in food chain
15. "Complete competitors cannot coexist" is true for
Primary succession
Secondary succession
Competitive exclusion
Character displacement
16. Bell-shaped polygonal pyramid indicates
Low percentage of young individuals
Moderate percentage of young individuals
High percentage of young individuals
Low percentage of old individuals
17. The age of pyramid with broad base indicates
High percentage of old individuals
Low percentage of young individuals
High percentage of young individuals
Low percentage of old individuals
18. Which one of the following ecosystem types has the highest annual net primary productivity?
Tropical deciduous forest
Tropical rain forest
Temperate deciduous forest
Temperate evergreen forest
19. A renewable exhaustible natural resource is
Petroleum
Coal
Forests
Minerals
20. Competition is severe in a population that has a distribution which is
Uniform
Random
Non-random
Irregular
21. In a population, if the rate of addition of new members is higher than the rate of individuals lost, it shows
Exponential growth
Declined growth
Zero population growth
none of these
22. Which of the followings take part in symbiosis of lichen?
Fungus-Fungus
Alga-Alga
Alga-Fungus
Fungus-Gymnosperm
23. In an ecosystem Biotic factors affect the survival of an organism in that ecosystem. They include
competition for food and water
competition for shelter
co-operation to help find food
All of the above
24. Plant succession occurring in a sandy area is
Xerosere
Halosere
Psammosere
Hydrosere
25. The maximum amount of water that a soil can hold, by capillary action is called
Wilting point
Water potential
Osmotic potential
Field capacity
26. In ecological succession from pioneer to climax community, the biomass shell
No relation
Increase and then decrease
Decrease
Increase continuously
27. Individuals of a species which occur in a particular area constitute
Fauna
Population
Flora
Flora and Fauna
28. The role of an organism in the ecological system is known as
Niche
Habitat
Herbivory
Interaction
29. Information about birth rate, death rate, sex ratio, age distribution etc. of a population is obtained from
Mortality rate
Life table
Natality table
Both (A) and (C)
30. Insectivorous plants are adopted to soils
Deficient in nitrogenous compounds
Deficient in water
Rich in water
Deficient in trace elements
31. Large Woody Vines are more commonly found in
Alpine forests
Temperate forests
Mangroves
Tropical rainforests
32. Organisms that can tolerate and thrive in a wide range of temperatures are called
Eukaryotic organisms
Stenothermal
Eurythermal
None of these
33. Pheromones, the chemical messengers produced by certain exocrine glands of skin, affect
Skin color
Breast
Genitalia
Mutual behaviour of members of a species
34. Lead is one of the most serious environmental pollutants which affects
Water
Soil
Air
Noise
35. lf there was no CO2 in the atmosphere, the earth temperature would be
Less than the present
Same as present
Higher than the present
Dependent on O2 content of air
36. Which of the following pollutants is discharged by jet planes?
Photo-chemical oxidants
Frog
Smog
Aerosols
37. Lichens indicate pollution by
Ozone
SO2
NO3
CO
38. Which of the environmental pollutions can cause birth defects?
Smog
SO2
CO
Radioactivity
39. Major aerosol pollutant present in the jet plane emission is
Carbon monoxide
Carbon tetrachloride
Chlorofluorocarbon
Sulphur dioxide
40. Ultra-violet light causes
Photodynamic action
Sticky metaphases
Formation of pyrimidines
Destruction of hydrogen bonds between complementary DNA strands
41. The ultraviolet radiations in the stratosphere are absorbed by
SO2
Oxygen
Ozone
Argon
42. Maximum deposition of DDT will occur in
Phytoplankton
Crab
Eel
Sea gull
43. Maximum threat to the world is from
Global warming
Ozone hole
Water pollution
Soil erosion
44. Minamata disease is due to pollution of
Industrial waste mercury into fishing water
Oil spill in water
Organic waste into drinking water
Arsenic into the atmosphere
45. Montreal Protocol aims at
Control of CO2 emission
Reduction of ozone depleting substances
Biodiversity conservation
Control of water pollution
46. Most abundant water pollutant is
Industrial wastes
Pesticides
Detergents
Ammonia
47. Most harmful environmental pollutants are
Natural nutrients in excess
Human organic wastes
Nonbiodegradable chemicals
Waste animal feed
48. The atmosphere of big metropolitan cities is polluted most by
Automobile exhausts
Radio-active fall out
Household waste
Pesticides residue
49. Community is
Species structure and diversity index of an area
Biomass
Autotrophic and heterotrophic components
All of these
50. Which factor of ecosystem includes plants, animals and microorganisms?
Biotic factors
Direct factors
Indirect factors
Abiotic factors
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