Jenkinsfile contains the definition of a Jenkins pipeline and is checked into the source control repository. It is a text file.
* It allows code review and iteration on the pipeline.
* It permits an audit trail for the pipeline.
* There is a single source of truth for the pipeline, which can be viewed and edited.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 15:28:40
* Jenkins master pulls the code from the remote GitHub repository every time there is a code commit.
* It distributes the workload to all the Jenkins slaves.
* On request from the Jenkins master, the slaves carry out, builds, test, and produce test reports.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 15:27:31
Azure Boards is an Azure DevOps service. It helps manage the work in software projects and provides a wide range of functionalities like native support for Kanban and Scrum, customizable dashboards, and integrated reporting. Azure Boards include features like boards, sprints, work items, dashboards, backlogs, queries, etc.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 15:25:32
The command to get a list of files that have been changed in a particular commit is:
git diff-tree –r {commit hash}
Example: git diff-tree –r 87e673f21b
-r flag instructs the command to list individual files
commit hash will list all the files that were changed or added in that commit
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 15:22:21
Candidates could find this entry as one of the advanced Azure DevOps interview questions. Most important of all, you can get follow-up questions regarding each factor in response to this question. The important factors to consider before making the choice of a platform between Azure DevOps Services and Azure DevOps Server are:
* Scope and scale data
* Authentication requirements
* Users and groups
* Management of user access
* Security and data protection precedents
* Process customization
* Reporting
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 15:20:10
Suppose you are working on a new feature in a dedicated branch, and another team member updates the master branch with new commits. You can use these two functions:
Git Merge
* To incorporate the new commits into your feature branch, use Git merge.
* Creates an extra merge commit every time you need to incorporate changes
But, it pollutes your feature branch history
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 15:19:08
Suppose you are working on an application, and you want to add a new feature to the app. You can create a new branch and build the new feature on that branch.
* By default, you always work on the master branch
* The circles on the branch represent various commits made on the branch
* After you are done with all the changes, you can merge it with the master branch
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 15:18:04
Candidates would generally face this entry as one of the tricky Azure DevOps interview questions. Azure DevOps Services is the cloud service of Microsoft Azure with a highly scalable, reliable, and globally available hosted service. On the other hand, DevOps Server is an on-premises offering, built on a SQL Server back end.
Enterprises choose the on-premises option when they need their day within their network. Another scenario for choosing on-premises involves the need for accessing SQL Server reporting services integrating effectively with Azure DevOps data and tools. Both Azure DevOps Services and Azure DevOps Server offer similar basic services, albeit with certain added benefits of the former. Here are the additional advantages of Azure DevOps Services.
* Simpler server management.
* Better connectivity with remote sites.
* Faster access to new and productive features.
* Transition in focus from capital expenditures on servers and infrastructure towards operational expenditures on subscriptions.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 15:17:01
A developer working with a current branch wants to switch to another branch to work on something else, but the developer doesn't want to commit changes to your unfinished work. The solution to this issue is Git stash. Git stash takes your modified tracked files and saves them on a stack of unfinished changes that you can reapply at any time.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 15:15:08
Visual Studio Debugging Shortcut Keys:
Ctrl-Alt-V: A Displays the Auto window to view the values of variables currently in the scope of the current line of execution within the current procedure
Ctrl-Alt-Break: Temporarily stops the execution of all processes in a debugging session. Available only in run mode
Ctrl-Alt-B: Displays the Breakpoints dialog, where you can add and modify breakpoints
Ctrl-Alt-C: Displays the Call Stack window to display a list of all active procedures or stack frames for the current thread of execution. Available only in break mode
Ctrl-Shift-F9: Clears all of the breakpoints in the project
Ctrl-Alt-D: Displays the Disassembly window
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 15:14:21
Candidates could expect to face this entry in frequently-asked Azure DevOps interview questions. First of all, you need to understand that DevOps is not about tools or process improvements. DevOps focuses on people, automation, and culture changes. Therefore, automated testing through writing scripts to execute the testing process automatically enables frequent releases. Many opensource tools for test automation can help in achieving the DevOps objective of continuous testing. Some of the notable DevOps tools for continuous testing are Selenium, JMeter, AntUnit, JUnit, SoapUI, and Cucumber.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 15:11:30
It offers the complete lifecycle management of applications, that is from plan to code, and also from test to build and deployment.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 15:10:19
There are two ways that you can revert a commit:
Remove or fix the bad file in a new commit and push it to the remote repository. Then commit it to the remote repository using:
git commit –m "commit message"
Create a new commit that undoes all the changes that were made in the bad commit. Use the following command:
git revert <commit id>
Example: git revert 56de0938f
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 15:09:01
The notable DevOps tools for continuous integration include Jenkins, GitLab CI, TeamCity, Bamboo, Codeship, CircleCI, and Travis CI. The popular DevOps tools for continuous deployment include Azure Pipelines for Deployment, Jenkins, Bamboo, DeployBot, Shippable, ElectricFlow, and TeamCity.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 15:07:50
DevOps is not about jobs or tools, it’s about people, culture and automation. and to implement DevOps, continuous testing plays a very important role where writing scripts for software testing and make it auto executable so that we can automate the testing and do the frequent releases using the delivery pipelines.
We have to write unit testing to achieve Continuous Testing.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 15:06:49
Using the standard method:
git init
* You create a working directory with git init
* A .git subfolder is created with all the git-related revision history
* Using the bare way
git init --bare
* It does not contain any working or checked out a copy of source files
* Bare repositories store git revision history in the root folder of your repository, instead of the .git subfolder
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 15:05:56
First, connect the local repository to your remote repository:
git remote add origin [copied web address]
// Ex: git remote add origin https://github.com/Simplilearn-github/test.git
Second, push your file to the remote repository:
git push origin master
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 15:04:28
To visualize how the code implements a particular method, create a sequence diagram from that method in Visual Studio Ultimate. The sequence diagram shows the interaction between objects as a series of lifelines and messages.
Lifelines represent instances of objects, and messages represent method calls between those objects. You can generate sequence diagrams from Visual C# .NET or Visual Basic .NET code, but not from projects that share code across multiple apps.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 15:03:18
In today’s fast and competitive market, many companies demand a faster deployment process and Infrastructure Configuration, so treating Infrastructure as software and manage the processes such as version control, continuous integration, deployment and automated testing will make infrastructure changes more rapidly and reliably.
Following are the most popular tools for Infrastructure Configuration.
* Chef
* Puppet
* Ansible
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 15:02:18
Centralized Version Control System
* All file versions are stored on a central server
* No developer has a copy of all files on a local system
* If the central server crashes, all data from the project will be lost
Distributed Control System
* Every developer has a copy of all versions of the code on their systems
* Enables team members to work offline and does not rely on a single location for backups
* There is no threat, even if the server crashes
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 15:00:26
Code clones are separate fragments of code that are very similar. They are a common phenomenon in an application that has been under development for some time. Clones make it hard to change your application because you have to find and update more than one fragment.
Visual Studio Enterprise can help you find code clones so that you can refactor them.
You can either find the clones of a specific fragment, or find all clones in your solution. In addition to discovering direct copies, the clone analysis tool can find fragments which differ in the names of variables and parameters, and in which some statements have been rearranged.
The code clone analyser searches for duplicate code in Visual C# and Visual Basic projects throughout your Visual Studio solution.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 14:58:03
use Architecture Explorer in Visual Studio to find specific code.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 14:56:35
Common Language Runtime (CLR) is a run-time environment that manages the execution of .NET code and provides services like memory management, debugging, security, etc. The CLR is also known as Virtual Execution System (VES).
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 14:55:54
DLL hell is the problem that occurs when an installation of a newer application might break or hinder other applications as newer DLLs are copied into the system and the older applications do not support or are not compatible with them. .NET overcomes this problem by supporting multiple versions of an assembly at any given time. This is also called side-by-side component versioning.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 14:54:29
An assembly is a collection of one or more files and one of them (DLL or EXE) contains a special metadata called Assembly Manifest. The manifest is stored as binary data and contains details like versioning requirements for the assembly, the author, security permissions, and list of files forming the assembly.
An assembly is created whenever a DLL is built. The manifest can be viewed programmatically by making use of classes from the System.Reflection namespace. The tool Intermediate Language Disassembler (ILDASM) can be used for this purpose. It can be launched from the command prompt or via Start> Run.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 14:54:04
Namespaces are logical groupings of names used within a program. There may be multiple namespaces in a single application code, grouped based on the identifiers’ use. The name of any given identifier must appear only once in its namespace.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 14:53:30
Browser Link is a new feature in Visual Studio 2013 that creates a communication channel between the development environment and one or more web browsers. You can use Browser Link to refresh your web application in several browsers at once, which is useful for cross-browser testing.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 14:52:50
Python applications are typically defined using only folders and files, but this structure can become complex as applications become larger and perhaps involve auto-generated files, JavaScript for web applications, and so on. A Visual Studio project helps manage this complexity.
The project (a .pyproj file) identifies all the source and content files associated with your project, contains build information for each file, maintains the information to integrate with source-control systems, and helps you organize your application into logical components.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 14:51:33
The Azure Functions Tools provides the following benefits:
Edit, build, and run functions on your local development computer.
Publish your Azure Functions project directly to Azure.
Use WebJobs attributes to declare function bindings directly in the C# code instead of maintaining a separate function.json for binding definitions.
Develop and deploy pre-compiled C# functions.
Pre-compiled functions provide a better cold-start performance than C# script-based functions. Code your functions in C# while having all of the benefits of Visual Studio development.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 10:48:20
When you are working with a project in Visual Studio, you can set up and quickly commit and publish your code to a Git service. You can also manage your Git repositories by using menu clicks from buttons in the bottom right-hand corner of the IDE.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 10:47:47
AWS has the following role in DevOps:
* Flexible services - Provides ready-to-use, flexible services without the need to install or set up the software.
* Built for scale - You can manage a single instance or scale to thousands using AWS services.
* Automation - AWS lets you automate tasks and processes, giving you more time to innovate
* Secure - Using AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM), you can set user permissions and policies.
* Large partner ecosystem - AWS supports a large ecosystem of partners that integrate with and extend AWS services.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 10:46:35
Continuous monitoring in DevOps is a process of detecting, identifying, and reporting any faults or threats in the entire infrastructure of the system.
* Ensures that all services, applications, and resources are running on the servers properly.
* Monitors the status of servers and determines if applications are working correctly or not.
* Enables continuous audit, transaction inspection, and controlled monitoring.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 10:30:09
* Enables management of and changes to multiple systems.
* Standardizes resource configurations, which in turn, manage IT infrastructure.
* It helps with the administration and management of multiple servers and maintains the integrity of the entire infrastructure.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 10:29:05
The following standard approaches can be used to implement DevOps in a specific project:
Stage 1
An assessment of the existing process and implementation for about two to three weeks to identify areas of improvement so that the team can create a road map for the implementation.
Stage 2
Create a proof of concept (PoC). Once it is accepted and approved, the team can start on the actual implementation and roll-out of the project plan.
Stage 3
The project is now ready for implementing DevOps by using version control/integration/testing/deployment/delivery and monitoring followed step by step.
By following the proper steps for version control, integration, testing, deployment, delivery, and monitoring, the project is now ready for DevOps implementation.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 10:28:28
The core benefits of DevOps are as follows:
Technical benefits
* Continuous software delivery
* Less complex problems to manage
* Early detection and faster correction of defects
Business benefits
* Faster delivery of features
* Stable operating environments
* Improved communication and collaboration between the teams
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 10:27:57
The various phases of the DevOps lifecycle are as follows:
* Plan - Initially, there should be a plan for the type of application that needs to be developed. Getting a rough picture of the development process is always a good idea.
* Code - The application is coded as per the end-user requirements.
* Build - Build the application by integrating various codes formed in the previous steps.
* Test - This is the most crucial step of the application development. Test the application and rebuild, if necessary.
* Integrate - Multiple codes from different programmers are integrated into one.
* Deploy - Code is deployed into a cloud environment for further usage. It is ensured that any new changes do not affect the functioning of a high traffic website.
* Operate - Operations are performed on the code if required.
* Monitor - Application performance is monitored. Changes are made to meet the end-user requirements.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 10:26:42
DevOps is a culture that allows the development and the operations team to work together. This results in continuous development, testing, integration, deployment, and monitoring of the software throughout the lifecycle.
Agile is a software development methodology that focuses on iterative, incremental, small, and rapid releases of software, along with customer feedback. It addresses gaps and conflicts between the customer and developers.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 10:24:35
Various industries are using DevOps, thereby leading to a vast number of use cases that can serve as responses here. However, here is an example of Etsy, a peer-to-peer e-commerce website focusing on handmade or vintage products and supplies. Etsy had to face issues with slow and stressful site updates that led to frequent downtimes.
As a result, millions of sellers on Etsy’s marketplace lost sales to their competition. Etsy took a step away from the traditional waterfall model towards DevOps. Now, it employs a completely automated deployment pipeline along with proven continuous delivery practices leading to over 50 deployments daily. The best thing about Etsy’s use case is that it does not experience frequent disruptions with deployment after adopting DevOps.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 10:24:01
The response to this answer should focus on two distinct aspects. The benefits of DevOps are evident in the form of technical and business benefits. The technical benefits include continuous software delivery, faster problem solving, and limited complexity of problems. The business benefits of DevOps include faster delivery of features and additional time for adding value to the end product. In addition, the business benefits of DevOps are also evident in the improvement of stability in operating environments.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 10:23:45
Candidates could easily find this entry as one of the common Azure DevOps interview questions. DevOps helps enterprises deliver smaller features to customers with higher efficiency and speed. The functionalities of DevOps clearly indicate its potential for providing seamless software delivery. Examples of success with DevOps include the names of Google and Amazon. These tech giants could achieve thousands of code deployments every day alongside delivering the benefits of security, stability, and reliability.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 10:23:25
They are Azure DevOps services which offer solutions for test management, it offers the essential abilities, exploratory testing, customer testing, planned testing manually. It maintains an extensive browser, which offers testing exploration along with stakeholders feedback storage. The essential techniques like testing exploration and manuals are required for the product development, they are the reason for testing automation.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 10:23:07
It is One of the essential azure cloud services, with which we can build and test the projects code automatically. It works productively with the help of major languages and types of the project, it shares that project code with other customers also.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 10:21:40
It is a system version control which is used for code management and various versions by using the lifecycle of the development. It is also used to track the changes for the code through various teams, the clear list of changes may be used for coordination between teams and collaborate the changes for future use.
One of the essential features of it is centralized version control and distributed version control. Git is an example for distributed version control, TFVC is an example for centralized version control.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 10:21:05
The given below are some important advantages of the Azure DevOps
* It delivers the software continuously.
* It simply solves the problems which are complex.
* It identifies the problems quickly and solves them with high speed.
* It is also used for quick features transport.
* It maintains the secured operating environment.
* It is used to develop the collaboration of the various teams.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 10:20:45
The given below are the different phases of DevOps
1. Plan: plan is essential for any application which requires the development, preparing plan for the process of development is the best practice.
2. Code: The code of application is designed according to the needs of users.
3. Build: with the help of different codes that are generated in earlier steps, the build of the application created.
4. Test: Test plays an essential role in the development of the It application, which helps to test the application and it re-built the application when required.
5. Integrate: It is used to collaborate the various codes, which are from multiple programers.
6. Deploy: It helps for the future use by forming the environment of the cloud from the deployed codes, and it maintains continuous functioning even though the new changes take place in the website with a high traffic.
7. Operate: When it is necessary operations take place on code.
Monitor: For the customer needs, the performance of the application is monitored.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 10:20:11
To Implement DevOps, Automation plays a major role and we defiantly need some tools for Implementation. Following are the major areas:
* Planning
* Code management
* Build and Testing
* Release management
* Deploy and Monitor
Here's a list of tools that can help you meet your DevOps requirement perfectly.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 10:18:50
The main benefits of implementing DevOps are:
* Customer Satisfaction.
* More engaged and Collaborative Development and Operation teams.
* DevOps Deploy code faster in the market through Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery.
* Faster Operational Support.
* Strong Infrastructure Performance and IT performance.
* Less failures and continuous improvement.
* Transparency between the team.
* Constant Monitoring and better adaption.
* Increase efficiency
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 10:17:00
DevOps is the practice of operations and development engineers that work together in the entire project lifecycle, from the design and development process to production releases and support.
Starting from design and development to testing automation and from continuous integration to continuous delivery, the team works together to achieve the desired goal. People having both development and operations skill sets working together and use various tools for CI-CD and Monitoring to respond quickly to customer's need and fix issues and bugs.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 10:16:09
In Traditional software development, after completing the development part, the code deployment time was huge. And many times, we heard the common fights between the Development Team and Operations Team or deployment team that it works fine on our system, it's the sever causing problem and operation team defenses it's not your server it's your code, Right? Well, DevOps solves the Traditional Dev and Ops fights by breaking the wall of confusion.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 10:15:55
DevOps is Development and Operation’s Collaboration, it’s a Union of 3Ps - Process, People and Product (working Product) that enable continuous integration and continuous delivery of value to our end users. DevOps accelerate the process to deliver applications and software services at high speed and high velocity. So that organization can learn and adopt to the market at its earliest. Also, it minimizing the risk factor by continuously delivering and getting end users and stakeholders feedback at the early stages.
Posted Date:- 2021-11-11 10:15:42