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How exceptions are handled in Struts application?

Exceptions are handled in struts by using any one of the following two ways:

Programmatically handling: In this exception are handled by using try and catch block in program. Using this programmer can define how to handle the situation when exception arises. we can write our try catch code in jsp also using scriptlet tags. "<% ---%>" and we can also create a separate error page called "errors.jsp" 

Declarative handling: In this exception handling is done by using the XML file. Programmer defines the exception handling logic in the XML file. There are two ways of defining the exception handling logic in the XML file:-

1. Global Action Specific Exception Handler Definition.
2. Local Action Specific Exception Handler Definition.

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